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What trials of caffeine with L-theanine measured, how much may be down to caffeine, one small esports trial, EFSA caffeine figures and label arithmetic.

Functional mushrooms and adaptogens

Oct 12, 202611 min read

Reishi and sleep: what the research shows

Reishi's calming reputation versus the evidence: the only human sleep outcome is a company-funded five-mushroom blend. Labels and safety cautions.

Functional mushrooms and adaptogens

Oct 12, 2026

9 min read

Chaga: what is in the extract?

Chaga looks like charcoal on a birch. What's inside it, how little has been tested in people, and the oxalate kidney case reports worth knowing first.

Functional mushrooms and adaptogens

Oct 12, 202615 min read

Ashwagandha: the plant behind the stress and sleep claims

Ashwagandha for stress and sleep: what the trials tested, what 'adaptogen' means, liver and thyroid cautions, and Danish and Dutch rules (8 October 2026).

Editorial illustration of a quiet bedroom with a bedside lamp and moonlit window.

Sleep

Oct 6, 20267 min read

Sleep routines: the useful basics

Everyday sleep habits are a good foundation, but not the recommended treatment for chronic insomnia. What helps, where it stops and when to ask for help.

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